msg_receive()

(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5, PHP 7)

Receive a message from a message queue

说明

msg_receive(resource $queue,int $desiredmsgtype,int &$msgtype,int $maxsize, mixed&$message[,bool $unserialize= TRUE[,int $flags= 0[,int &$errorcode]]]): bool

msg_receive() will receive the first message from the specified$queueof the type specified by$desiredmsgtype.

参数

$queue

Message queue resource handle

$desiredmsgtype

If$desiredmsgtypeis 0, the message from the front of the queue is returned. If$desiredmsgtypeis greater than 0, then the first message of that type is returned. If$desiredmsgtypeis less than 0, the first message on the queue with a type less than or equal to the absolute value of$desiredmsgtypewill be read. If no messages match the criteria, your script will wait until a suitable message arrives on the queue. You can prevent the script from blocking by specifying MSG_IPC_NOWAIT in the$flagsparameter.

$msgtype

The type of the message that was received will be stored in this parameter.

$maxsize

The maximum size of message to be accepted is specified by the$maxsize; if the message in the queue is larger than this size the function will fail(unless you set$flagsas described below).

$message

The received message will be stored in$message, unless there were errors receiving the message.

$unserialize

If set to TRUE, the message is treated as though it was serialized using the same mechanism as the session module. The message will be unserialized and then returned to your script. This allows you to easily receive arrays or complex object structures from other PHP scripts, or if you are using the WDDX serializer, from any WDDX compatible source.

If$unserializeis FALSE, the message will be returned as a binary-safe string.

$flags

The optional$flagsallows you to pass flags to the low-level msgrcv system call. It defaults to 0, but you may specify one or more of the following values(by adding or ORing them together).

**Flag values for msg_receive**
`MSG_IPC_NOWAIT`	If there are no messages of the`$desiredmsgtype`, return immediately and do not wait. The function will fail and return an integer value corresponding to `MSG_ENOMSG`.
`MSG_EXCEPT`	Using this flag in combination with a`$desiredmsgtype`greater than 0 will cause the function to receive the first message that is not equal to`$desiredmsgtype`.
`MSG_NOERROR`	If the message is longer than`$maxsize`, setting this flag will truncate the message to`$maxsize`and will not signal an error.

$errorcode

If the function fails, the optional$errorcodewill be set to the value of the system errno variable.

返回值

成功时返回TRUE，或者在失败时返回FALSE。

Upon successful completion the message queue data structure is updated as follows:msg_lrpidis set to the process-ID of the calling process,msg_qnumis decremented by 1 andmsg_rtimeis set to the current time.

参见

msg_remove_queue()Destroy a message queue
msg_send()Send a message to a message queue
msg_stat_queue()Returns information from the message queue data structure
msg_set_queue()Set information in the message queue data structure

It looks like msg_receive() allocates a memory with size $maxsize, and only then tries to receive a message from queue into allocated memory. Because my script dies with $maxsize = 1 Gib, but works with $maxsize = 10 Kib.

Consider this e.g. Linux situation:
<?php
//file send.php
$ip = msg_get_queue(12340);
msg_send($ip,8,"abcd",false,false,$err);
//-----------------------------------------------------
<?php
//file receive.php
$ip = msg_get_queue(12340);
msg_receive($ip,0,$msgtype,4,$data,false,null,$err);
echo "msgtype {$msgtype} data {$data}\n";
msg_receive($ip,0,$msgtype,4,$data,false,null,$err);
echo "msgtype {$msgtype} data {$data}\n";
?>
Now run: 
in terminal #1  php5 receive.php
in terminal #2  php5 receive.php
in terminal #3  php5 send.php
Showing messages from queue will flip-flop. It means you run once send.php, the message will be shown in terminal #1. Second run it will be in t#2, third #1 and so on.

It seems that a maxsize of 2Mb is some sort of a threshold for php, above that msg_receive() starts to use a lot of CPU (with a sender that is pushing messages non-stop receiving 10000 messages jumps up from 0.01 sec to 1.5 sec on my computer) so try to stay below that thresholod if you can.

The behaviour of msg_recieve function depends on value of $desiredmsgtype:
If zero: the first message with any $msgtype will be recieved.
Positive: the first message with $msgtype = desiredmsgtype
Negative: the first message with $msgtype <= abs ($desiredmsgtype)
(where "$msgtype" means msgtype the message was sent with)

This is meant to be run as your apache user in a terminal, call script in note of msg_send and they will communicate.
#! /usr/bin/env php
<?php
  $MSGKEY = 519051; // Message
  $msg_id = msg_get_queue ($MSGKEY, 0600);
  while (1) {
    if (msg_receive ($msg_id, 1, $msg_type, 16384, $msg, true, 0, $msg_error)) {
      if ($msg == 'Quit') break;
      echo "$msg\n";
    } else {
      echo "Received $msg_error fetching message\n";
      break;
    }
  }
  msg_remove_queue ($msg_id);
?>

<?php error_reporting(E_ALL);
/**
 * Example for sending and receiving Messages via the System V Message Queue
 *
 * To try this script run it synchron/asynchron twice times. One time with ?typ=send and one time with ?typ=receive
 *
 * @author     Thomas Eimers - Mehrkanal GmbH
 *
 * This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but without any warranty;
 * without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
 */
header('Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1');
echo "Start...\n";
// Create System V Message Queue. Integer value is the number of the Queue
$queue = msg_get_queue(100379);
// Sendoptions
$message='nachricht';   // Transfering Data
$serialize_needed=false; // Must the transfer data be serialized ?
$block_send=false;    // Block if Message could not be send (Queue full...) (true/false)
$msgtype_send=1;     // Any Integer above 0. It signeds every Message. So you could handle multible message
             // type in one Queue.
// Receiveoptions
$msgtype_receive=1;    // Whiche type of Message we want to receive ? (Here, the type is the same as the type we send,
             // but if you set this to 0 you receive the next Message in the Queue with any type.
$maxsize=100;       // How long is the maximal data you like to receive.
$option_receive=MSG_IPC_NOWAIT; // If there are no messages of the wanted type in the Queue continue without wating.
             // If is set to NULL wait for a Message.
// Send or receive 20 Messages
for ($i=0;$i<20;$i++) {
 sleep(1);
 // This one sends
 if ($_GET['typ']=='send') {
  if(msg_send($queue,$msgtype_send, $message,$serialize_needed, $block_send,$err)===true) {
   echo "Message sendet.\n";
  } else {
   var_dump($err);
  }
 // This one received
 } else {
  $queue_status=msg_stat_queue($queue);
  echo 'Messages in the queue: '.$queue_status['msg_qnum']."\n";
  // WARNUNG: nur weil vor einer Zeile Code noch Nachrichten in der Queue waren, muss das jetzt nciht mehr der Fall sein!
  if ($queue_status['msg_qnum']>0) {
   if (msg_receive($queue,$msgtype_receive ,$msgtype_erhalten,$maxsize,$daten,$serialize_needed, $option_receive, $err)===true) {
       echo "Received data".$daten."\n";
   } else {
       var_dump($err);
   }
  }
 }
}
?>