PDO::lastInsertId()
(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PHP 7, PECL pdo >= 0.1.0)
返回最后插入行的ID或序列值
说明
PDO::lastInsertId([string $name= NULL]): string返回最后插入行的ID，或者是一个序列对象最后的值，取决于底层的驱动。比如，PDO_PGSQL()要求为$name参数指定序列对象的名称。
Note:在不同的 PDO 驱动之间，此方法可能不会返回一个有意义或一致的结果，因为底层数据库可能不支持自增字段或序列的概念。
参数
- $name
应该返回ID的那个序列对象的名称。
返回值
如果没有为参数$name指定序列名称，PDO::lastInsertId()则返回一个表示最后插入数据库那一行的行ID的字符串。
如果为参数$name指定了序列名称，PDO::lastInsertId()则返回一个表示从指定序列对象取回最后的值的字符串。
如果当前 PDO 驱动不支持此功能，则PDO::lastInsertId()触发一个IM001SQLSTATE 。
Remember, if you use a transaction you should use lastInsertId BEFORE you commit otherwise it will return 0
To save time for some of you. When using MySQL or MariaDB while inserting multiple rows in a single query (INSERT INTO table (a,b,c) VALUES (1,2,3), (2,3,4), ...) to a table with auto_increment column, PDO::lastInsertId does NOT return the autogenerated id of the last row. Instead, the FIRST generated id is returned. This may very well be explained by taking a look at MySQL and MariaDB's documentation. Quotations from their respective documentations, MySQL: "With no argument, LAST_INSERT_ID() returns a BIGINT UNSIGNED (64-bit) value representing the first automatically generated value successfully inserted for an AUTO_INCREMENT column as a result of the most recently executed INSERT statement." MariaDB: "LAST_INSERT_ID() (no arguments) returns the first automatically generated value successfully inserted for an AUTO_INCREMENT column as a result of the most recently executed INSERT statement." This is clearly not what lastInsertId's own documentation states. Hopefully this will save someone from debugging the cause of id mismatch. tl;dr (MySQL | Mariadb) + multi row insert + PDO::lastInsertId = first autogenerated id Behaviour tested using MariaDB 10.2.6 32-bit, PHP 5.6.31 32-bit and mysqlnd 5.0.11 running on windows 7.
Beware of lastInsertId() when working with transactions in mysql. The following code returns 0 instead of the insert id.
<?php
try {
$dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', 'username', 'password');
$stmt = $dbh->prepare("INSERT INTO test (name, email) VALUES(?,?)");
try {
$dbh->beginTransaction();
$tmt->execute( array('user', 'user@example.com'));
$dbh->commit();
print $dbh->lastInsertId();
} catch(PDOExecption $e) {
$dbh->rollback();
print "Error!: " . $e->getMessage() . "</br>";
}
} catch( PDOExecption $e ) {
print "Error!: " . $e->getMessage() . "</br>";
}
?>
When no exception is thrown, lastInsertId returns 0. However, if lastInsertId is called before calling commit, the right id is returned.Sorry to contradict Jonathon Hibbard's comment (http://php.net/manual/en/pdo.lastinsertid.php#82838), but my experiencie with INSERT INTO ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE is totally different; maybe it's due to PHP version (I'm on Windows, 5.4.7; I realize his post is 6 years old) or to the database engine (MySQL in my case).
Nevertheless, if I do an INSERT INTO ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE (something like id=id or equivalent, where the updated value is equal to the original one), this is what I'm getting:
- If the key didn't exist, the value is inserted, and lastInsertId() returns the expected id for the new row.
- If the row exists AND a value is updated, with lastInsertId() I get the ID of the updated row.
- If the row exists but NO value is updated, lastInsertId() returns 0.
That contradicts his example, where he assures that
"INSERT INTO city (`city`) VALUES ('Paris') ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `city` = 'Paris'"
returns 2 (??) on lastInsertId() and that he expected to return 1 "since no records were inserted" (??).
Hope this helps someone.I think I get a nice solution in Postgres to get the ID using the RETURNING that comes with Postgress since version 8.2. In the example below, I add to my insert clause the "returning" along with the primary key of my table, then after the execute, I do a fetch getting an array with the value of the last inserted id.
<?php
public function insert($employee){
$sqlQuery = "INSERT INTO employee(user_id,name,address,city) VALUES(:user_id,:name,:address,:city) RETURNING employee_id";
$statement = $this->prepare($sqlQuery);
$a ="2002-03-11 12:01AM" ;
$statement->bindParam(":user_id", $employee->getUserId(), PDO::PARAM_INT);
$statement->bindParam(":name", $employee->getName(), PDO::PARAM_STR);
$statement->bindParam(":address", $employee->getAddress(), PDO::PARAM_STR);
$statement->bindParam(":city", $employee->getCity(), PDO::PARAM_STR);
$statement->execute();
$result = $statement->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
return $result["employee_id"];
}
?>
If you're accessing MSSQL/SQL Server 2008 R2 (or higher) from Linux via FreeTDS there's a slightly neater way of getting the last insert ID than the solution(s) outlined below.
The specific SQL involved is outlined here:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms177564.aspx
So for example, with a table containing the two columns (product_id, product_name) where product_id is a uniqueidentifier or something similar you could do the following.
<?php
// Assume $dbh connection handle is already established
$sql = "INSERT INTO product (product_name) OUTPUT INSERTED.product_id VALUES (?)";
$sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$sth->execute(array('widgets'));
$temp = $sth->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
?>
Then $temp will contain an array like:
Array
(
[product_id] => E1DA1CB0-676A-4CD9-A22C-90C9D4E81914
)
Just be warned that there are some issues relating to how uniqueidentifier columns are handled by PDO_DBLIB/FreeTDS depending on the TDS version you choose that have only been fixed as of PHP 5.3.7.
Information regarding this and the patch can be found here:
https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=54167in case anyone was wondering
something like
$val = 5;
$sql = "REPLACE table (column) VALUES (:val)";
$stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$stmt->bindParam(':val', $val, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();
$lastId = $dbh->lastInsertId();
will return the last inserted id, whether the record was replaced or simply inserted
the REPLACE syntax, simply inserts, or deletes > inserts
so lastInsertId() still works
refer to http://mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/replace.html
for REPLACE usageIt should be mentioned that this function DOES NOT retrieve the ID (Primary key) of the row but it's OID instead. So if you use one of the latest PostgreSQL versions this function won't help you unless you add OID to the table specifically when you create it.
This function is now compatible with the newer MS SQL driver. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff628155(v=sql.105)
About the connections created through classes eg: db::SQL() >query(); then db::SQL() >lastInsertId(); it will create a new connection and will not return the last ID inserted. it is better to include a PDO connection file (or directly the logins) and work with it to get the last ID properly. $db = new PDO(logins); $db->query(); $db->lastInsertId();
Easiest solution I've found for MSSQL to obtain the last inserted ID is
<?php
$STH = $DBH->query("SELECT CAST(COALESCE(SCOPE_IDENTITY(), @@IDENTITY) AS int)");
$STH->execute();
$result = $STH->fetch();
print $result[0];
?>
On version 7.0.9 I've implemented lastInsertId without having to name the sequence for PostgreSQL (I've also have done it for 5.6.can'trememberthenumber, but I can't find the PR). Can someone update the documentation about it? Here is the Pull Request: https://github.com/php/php-src/pull/2014
$dbh->commit(); print $dbh->lastInsertId(); The above will always return zero (0) So it is important to call $dbh->lastInsertId(); before commiting transaction the above should be modified as print $dbh->lastInsertId(); $dbh->commit();
Simple example:
<?php
try {
$dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', 'root', 'passowd');
$smf = $dbh->prepare("INSERT INTO test (`numer`) VALUES (?)");
$a = mt_rand(1, 100);
$smf->bindParam(1, $a, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$smf->execute();
print $dbh->lastInsertId().'<br />';
$a = mt_rand(1, 100);
$smf->bindParam(1, $a, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$smf->execute();
print $dbh->lastInsertId();
$dbh = null;
} catch (PDOException $e) {
print "Error!: " . $e->getMessage() . "<br/>";
die();
}
?>
Workaround for the fact that MSSQL does not provide lastInsertId(). This is locale-independent by design.
<?php
$mixRc = false;
try {
// Issue a compound command, 2nd part outputs the inserted Id
$strQuery =
'INSERT INTO t1 (f1,f2) VALUES(v1,v2); SELECT @@IDENTITY AS mixLastId';
// Yup, your eyes are ok, NOT exec but query!!!
$objSth = $objDb->query($strQuery);
$mixRc = (is_object($objSth) and $objSth->errorCode() == '00000');
}
catch (PDOException $objException) {
$pdoMsg = $objException->getMessage();
$pdoMsg = iconv("ISO-8859-1", "UTF-8", $pdoMsg);
$strMessage = 'insertRecord: Failed ' .
$strQuery . ', Error Message: ' . $pdoMsg;
doLog(__FILE__, __LINE__, $strMessage);
throw new core_exception_database($strMessage);
}
if ($mixRc === false) return false;
// The compound command delivers a multi-rowset statement handle
// Move past the first (invalid) rowset from the INSERT command
$objSth->nextRowset();
// Pick up the first row of the rowset from "SELECT @@IDENTITY"
$rowTd = $objSth->fetch(PDO::FETCH_NUM);
if (!is_array($rowTd)) {
doLog(__FILE__, __LINE__,
'insertRecord: $objSth->fetch() returns %s', gettype($rowTd));
return false;
}
$objSth->closeCursor();
$strLastRowId = trim($rowTd[0]); // trim() for trailing Nullbyte
// Integers are returned stringified, format depends on locale
// Generally ends with ",00" or ".00" - trim that off
$strLastRowId = preg_replace('/[,.]0+$/', '', $strLastRowId);
// Remove any remaining "." or "," for thousands
$strLastRowId = preg_replace('/[,.]/', '', $strLastRowId);
// A GUID, which contains no "," or ".", will be left unchanged
return $strLastRowId;
?>
In response to Yonatan Ben-Nes, it does appear that using the latest versions of PHP 5.x and PostgreSQL 8.x, the driver will return a "meaningful" ID (rather than an OID), provided you pass the name of the corresponding sequence.
So, if you created a table as follows:
CREATE TABLE "user" (
"id" SERIAL PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
"username" character varying(32)
);
PostgreSQL will (by default) create a sequence called 'user_id_seq'.
You can then do something like:
$strTable = "user":
$last_insert_id = $objPDO->lastInsertId("$strTable_id_seq);
This does appear to function as expected. What is a little unclear to me is whether this simply returns the current value of the sequence; if it does, this isn't a particularly reliable indicator as to the id of the record your code just inserted, especially if your site or application is especially high traffic.It should be noted that, at least for MySQL using InnoDB tables, with transactions PDO will report the last insert id as 0 after the commit, the real ids are only reported before committing. (As a side note, MySQL keeps the ID number incremented after a rollback).
As said by Dennis Du Kroger, in this situation the function will return 0.
But you can retrieve the last inserted Id executing a query asking for the function LAST_INSERT_ID() (at least in MySQL)
Try this:
($o_db is the declared adapter)
$last_id = $o_db->fetchAll('SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID() as last_id');
$last_id = intval($last_id[0]['last_id']);beware when mixing auto-incremented and explicit IDs! Given a fresh table "tbl", executing insert into tbl values (0, 'kaeptn blaubaer'); --auto increment (-> 1) insert into tbl values (16, 'pipi langstrumpf'); --explicit id (-> 16) select LAST_INSERT_ID(); will return 1, which is not the value of the last insert. its the value from the last auto-increment insert! (using mysql)
WARNING for PostgreSQL users! In response to the comment by ed at hicklinslade dot com, who wrote:
...
$last_insert_id = $objPDO->lastInsertId("$strTable_id_seq);
This does appear to function as expected. What is a little unclear to me is whether this simply returns the current value of the sequence; if it does, this isn't a particularly reliable indicator as to the id of the record your code just inserted, especially if your site or application is especially high traffic.
...
NEVER ever use lastInsertId() with PostgreSQL sequences, ESPECIALLY when your application's insert/update load is high. PostgreSQL sequences are non-transactional (a natural design feature to avoid exclusive locking which otherwise produces unacceptable performance). This means that any concurrent transaction incrementing the same sequence will render the value returned by lastInsertId() invalid with respect to the last insert by your transaction. Example:
Transaction 1 inserts with nextval('some_seq') yielding 100;
Concurrent transaction 2 inserts with nextval('some_seq') yielding 101;
Transaction 1 calls lastInsertId(), expecting 100, BUT GETS 101.
This PDO method is braindead for PostgreSQL, always use INSERT ... RETURNING instead. Regards.This function is not available for MSSQL either.
@nour You need to call lastInsertId before you commit
It should be noted here at this function will not display the correct ID if issuing ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE.
Example on a new Row:
<?php
$sql = "INSERT INTO city (`city`) VALUES ('Paris') ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `city` = 'Paris";
$dbh->query($sql);
echo $dbh->lastInsertId();
?>
Above displays: 1
Expected display: 1
Example on an existing row that gets updated:
<?php
$sql = "INSERT INTO city (`city`) VALUES ('Paris') ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `city` = 'Paris";
$dbh->query($sql);
echo $dbh->lastInsertId();
?>
Above displays: 2
Expected display: 1 (since no new records were inserted)
You'll have to work around this.In the Return Values part: If the PDO driver does not support this capability, PDO::lastInsertId() triggers an IM001 SQLSTATE. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- So what's the solution for this....? And I got this error: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PHP Warning: PDO::lastInsertId(): SQLSTATE[IM001]: Driver does not support this function: driver does not support lastInsertId() in xxxx ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I'm using IBM db2 odbc driver...
For PostgreSQL you can still use the old solution to return the last Id of an INSERT, selecting the currval of a table's id_sequence.
The code below shows a working function (which is easy adaptale into another class, etc).
<?php
// -------------------------
// Last Insert ID for PDO with PostgreSQL
// -------------------------
function pgsqlLastInsertId($sqlQuery, $pdoObject)
{
// Checks if query is an insert and gets table name
if( preg_match("/^INSERT[\t\n ]+INTO[\t\n ]+([a-z0-9\_\-]+)/is", $sqlQuery, $tablename) )
{
// Gets this table's last sequence value
$query = "SELECT currval('" . $tablename[1] . "_id_seq') AS last_value";
$temp_q_id = $pdoObject->prepare($query);
$temp_q_id->execute();
if($temp_q_id)
{
$temp_result = $temp_q_id->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
return ( $temp_result ) ? $temp_result['last_value'] : false;
}
}
return false;
}
?>
Example of use:
<?php
// ... connects to a PostgreSQL DB
$pdoObject = new PDO('pgsql:host=localhost;dbname=mydb', 'user', 'pass');
$sql = 'INSERT INTO table (column) VALUES (\'some_value\');';
$result = $pdoObject->prepare($sql);
$result->execute();
echo 'Last Insert ID: ' . pgsqlLastInsertId($sql, $pdoObject);
?>