执行运算符
PHP 支持一个执行运算符:反引号(``)。注意这不是单引号!PHP 将尝试将反引号中的内容作为 shell 命令来执行,并将其输出信息返回(即,可以赋给一个变量而不是简单地丢弃到标准输出)。使用反引号运算符“`”的效果与函数shell_exec()相同。
<?php $output = `ls -al`; echo "<pre>$output</pre>"; ?>
Note:反引号运算符在激活了安全模式或者关闭了shell_exec()时是无效的。
Note:与其它某些语言不同,反引号不能在双引号字符串中使用。
参见手册中程序执行函数,popen(),proc_open()以及PHP 的命令行模式。
Just a general usage note. I had a very difficult time solving a problem with my script, when I accidentally put one of these backticks at the beginning of a line, like so: [lots of code] ` $URL = "blah..."; [more code] Since the backtick is right above the tab key, I probably just fat-fingered it while indenting the code. What made this so hard to find, was that PHP reported a parse error about 50 or so lines *below* the line containing the backtick. (There were no other backticks anywhere in my code.) And the error message was rather cryptic: Parse error: parse error, expecting `T_STRING' or `T_VARIABLE' or `T_NUM_STRING' in /blah.php on line 446 Just something to file away in case you're pulling your hair out trying to find an error that "isn't there."
You can use variables within a pair of backticks (``). <?php $host = 'www.wuxiancheng.cn'; echo `ping -n 3 {$host}`; ?>