strptime()

(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PHP 7)

解析由strftime()生成的日期／时间

说明

strptime(string $date,string $format): array

strptime()返回一个将$date解析后的数组，如果出错返回FALSE。

月份和星期几的名字以及其它与语种有关的字符串对应于setlocale()设定的当前区域（LC_TIME）。

参数

$date（string）

被解析的字符串（例如从strftime()返回的）

$format（string）

$date所使用的格式（例如同strftime()中所使用的相同）。

更多有关格式选项的信息见strftime()页面。

返回值

返回一个数组或者在失败时返回FALSE

范例

Example #1strptime()例子

<?php
$format = '%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S';
$strf = strftime($format);
echo "$strf\n";
print_r(strptime($strf, $format));
?>

以上例程的输出类似于：

03/10/2004 15:54:19
Array
(
    [tm_sec] => 19
    [tm_min] => 54
    [tm_hour] => 15
    [tm_mday] => 3
    [tm_mon] => 9
    [tm_year] => 104
    [tm_wday] => 0
    [tm_yday] => 276
    [unparsed] =>
)

注释

Note:此函数未在 Windows 平台下实现。

Note:

Internally, this function calls thestrptime()function provided by the system's C library. This function can exhibit noticeably different behaviour across different operating systems. The use ofdate_parse_from_format(), which does not suffer from these issues, is recommended on PHP 5.3.0 and later.

Note:

"tm_sec"includes any leap seconds (currently upto 2 a year). For more information on leap seconds, see the» Wikipedia article on leap seconds.

Note:

Prior to PHP 5.2.0, this function could return undefined behaviour. Notably,the"tm_sec","tm_min"and"tm_hour"entries would return undefined values.

参见

• checkdate() 验证一个格里高里日期
• strftime() 根据区域设置格式化本地时间／日期
• date_parse_from_format()Get info about given date formatted according to the specified format
• DateTime::createFromFormat() 根据给定的格式解析日期时间字符串

If strptime() fails to match all of the format string and therefore an error occurred the function returns NULL.

emanuil's comment / mktime() example is wrong, in that his mktime() line should have $ts['tm_mon'] + 1 because strptime() returns the months zero-based, while mktime() expects it one-based.

Another portage for windows (from ex/yks toolkit)
<?php
// public static 
function strptime($date, $format) {
  $masks = array(
   '%d' => '(?P<d>[0-9]{2})',
   '%m' => '(?P<m>[0-9]{2})',
   '%Y' => '(?P<Y>[0-9]{4})',
   '%H' => '(?P<H>[0-9]{2})',
   '%M' => '(?P<M>[0-9]{2})',
   '%S' => '(?P<S>[0-9]{2})',
   // usw..
  );
  $rexep = "#".strtr(preg_quote($format), $masks)."#";
  if(!preg_match($rexep, $date, $out))
   return false;
  $ret = array(
   "tm_sec" => (int) $out['S'],
   "tm_min" => (int) $out['M'],
   "tm_hour" => (int) $out['H'],
   "tm_mday" => (int) $out['d'],
   "tm_mon" => $out['m']?$out['m']-1:0,
   "tm_year" => $out['Y'] > 1900 ? $out['Y'] - 1900 : 0,
  );
  return $ret;
 }
?>

Be careful: the output of strptime() ( http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.strptime.php ) cannot always be used with mktime() ( http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.mktime.php )!
This is not because of what platform you're using or what format strings glibc supports. This is simply because strptime returns years SINCE 1900 (as documented above) and mktime expects a year in the format returned by date('Y') - which is the full 4 digits.
Therefore, if you parse a date with strptime and want to give it to mktime, you have to pass in ($parsed_time['tm_year'] + 1900) as the year parameter to mktime(), not just $parsed_time['tm_year'].
This issue arose when I had a date like: 19/06/2012 12:03:34. strtotime() doesn't parse this particular format, so I needed custom parsing. So I ended up with:
1. $ts = $service->getNeededDateTime();
2. $ts = strptime($ts, '%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S');
3. $ts = mktime($ts['tm_hour'], $ts['tm_min'], $ts['tm_sec'],
   $ts['tm_mon'], $ts['tm_mday'], ($ts['tm_year'] + 1900));

If you need strptime but are restricted to a php version which does not support it (windows or before PHP 5), note that MySQL since Version 4.1.1 offers (almost?) the same functionality with the STR_TO_DATE function.
See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/4.1/en/date-and-time-functions.html

It says "Parse a time/date generated with strftime()" but that's not entirely correct -- While strptime("2006131", "%Y%W%u") works as expected, strptime("2006131", "%G%V%u") returns false instead of reversing the equivalent - and unambiguous - strftime() usage. I suspect that's because glibc doesn't support that. Anyway, this docu page fails to mention that apparently not all format components supported by strftime() can be used with strptime().

the example (or the function) has an inconsistancy with other PHP functions.
the example returns 104 for the year 2004
while in the strftime function the 2 digit year is 70-100 for 1970-2000
and 1-69 for 2001-2069

On some systems, particularly those of BSD lineage (such as FreeBSD and MacOS X), the tm_wday and tm_yday fields are only initialized if requested explicitly (that is, if the %a/%A/%u/%w and %j formats are specified), while others such as Linux and Solaris will calculate them automatically.

If you want to parse a date or a /time in windows env, i re-write strptime function for windows.
I use the same param and i return the same think that the original one.
I use sscanf to parde the string.
Only some format can be parsed (%S, %M, %H, %d, %m, %Y)
See this page (because the function is too big for this notes)
http://sauron.lionel.free.fr/?page=php_lib_strptime
preview :
<?php
/**
 * Parse a time/date generated with strftime().
 *
 * This function is the same as the original one defined by PHP (Linux/Unix only),
 * but now you can use it on Windows too.
 * Limitation : Only this format can be parsed %S, %M, %H, %d, %m, %Y
 * 
 * @author Lionel SAURON
 * @version 1.0
 * @public
 * 
 * @param $sDate(string)  The string to parse (e.g. returned from strftime()).
 * @param $sFormat(string) The format used in date (e.g. the same as used in strftime()).
 * @return (array)     Returns an array with the <code>$sDate</code> parsed, or <code>false</code> on error.
 */
if(function_exists("strptime") == false)
{
  function strptime($sDate, $sFormat)
  {
    $aResult = array
    (
      'tm_sec'  => 0,
      'tm_min'  => 0,
      'tm_hour' => 0,
      'tm_mday' => 1,
      'tm_mon'  => 0,
      'tm_year' => 0,
      'tm_wday' => 0,
      'tm_yday' => 0,
      'unparsed' => $sDate,
    );
    
    while($sFormat != "")
    {
      // ===== Search a %x element, Check the static string before the %x =====
      $nIdxFound = strpos($sFormat, '%');
      if($nIdxFound === false)
      {
        
        // There is no more format. Check the last static string.
        $aResult['unparsed'] = ($sFormat == $sDate) ? "" : $sDate;
        break;
      }
    
    .....
    .....
    .....
    .....
    
    // ===== Create the other value of the result array =====
    $nParsedDateTimestamp = mktime($aResult['tm_hour'], $aResult['tm_min'], $aResult['tm_sec'],
                $aResult['tm_mon'] + 1, $aResult['tm_mday'], $aResult['tm_year'] + 1900);
    
    // Before PHP 5.1 return -1 when error
    if(($nParsedDateTimestamp === false)
    ||($nParsedDateTimestamp === -1)) return false;
    
    $aResult['tm_wday'] = (int) strftime("%w", $nParsedDateTimestamp); // Days since Sunday (0-6)
    $aResult['tm_yday'] = (strftime("%j", $nParsedDateTimestamp) - 1); // Days since January 1 (0-365)
    return $aResult;
  } // END of function
  
} // END if(function_exists("strptime") == false)
?>

The result of strptime() is not affected by the current timezone setting, even though strftime() is. Tested in PHP 5.1.6.

<?php
//This turns non-standard but often used "datetime" string
//like '20060810084251' into nice formatted date
//'Thursday, 10 August 2006 08:42:51 CEST'
//note, that strptime returns day of year counting from 0, so
//you need to put 1 as month number to get appropriate
//month for the daycount. for 2006 strptime for unknown
//reason returns 106, so I simply add 1900
$informat = '%Y%m%d%H%M%S';
$outformat = '%A, %d %B %Y %T %Z';
$ftime = strptime("20060810084251",$informat);
$unxTimestamp = mktime(
          $ftime['tm_hour'], 
          $ftime['tm_min'], 
          $ftime['tm_sec'], 
          1 , 
          $ftime['tm_yday'] + 1, 
          $ftime['tm_year'] + 1900
         );
//setlocale(LC_TIME,'pl_PL');
echo strftime($outformat , $unxTimestamp );
?>

/***Finding the days of a week ***/
<?php 
$out = pre(); 
$outpre=nextweek();
$td=date("Y-m-d");
$result = array_reverse($outpre);
//print_r($result);
array_push($result,$td);
$newarray = array_merge($result,$out);
 foreach($newarray as $date1){
  echo $date1;
  echo "<br>";
 }
//print_r($out);
//print_r($newarray);
function pre() 
{
$monP=0;
$tueP=1;
$wedP=2;
$thuP=3;
$friP=4;
$satP=5;
$sunP=6;
 
$td=date("Y-m-d");  
//echo $td;
$tdname=date("l"); 
 switch($tdname)
 {
  case "Monday":
    $rep=$monP;
    break;
  case "Tuesday":
    $rep=$tueP;
    break;
  case "Wednesday":
    $rep=$wedP;
    break;
  case "Thursday":
    $rep=$thuP;
    break;
  case "Friday":
    $rep=$friP;
    break;
  case "Saturday":
    $rep=$satP;    
    break;
  case "Sunday":
    $rep=$sunP;    
    break;    
  default:
    echo "Sorry";    
 }
 
//echo $tdname."<br>";  
//echo $rep;
$datstart =$td; /* the starting date */
//$rep = 12; /* number of future dates to display */ 
$nod = 1; /* number of days in the future to increment the date */
$nom = 0; /* number of months in the future to increment the date */
$noy = 0; /* number of years in the future to increment the date */
$precon=future_date($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy); 
return $precon;
}
function future_date($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy) {
 $pre = array();
 while ($rep >= 1) {
  $datyy=substr($datstart,0,4);
  $datmm=substr($datstart,5,2);
  $datdd=substr($datstart,8,2);
  $fda=$datdd - $nod;
  $fmo=$datmm - $nom;
  $fyr=$datyy -$noy;
  $dat1=date("Y-m-d", mktime(0,0,0,$fmo,$fda,$fyr))."<BR>"; 
  array_push($pre,$dat1);
  //echo $dat1; 
  $datstart=$dat1; 
  $rep--; 
 }
 return $pre;
}
function nextweek()
{
$monN=6;
$tueN=5;
$wedN=4;
$thuN=3;
$friN=2;
$satN=1;
$sunN=0;
$td=date("Y-m-d");  
$tdname=date("l"); 
 switch($tdname)
 {
  case "Monday":
    $rep=$monN;
    break;
  case "Tuesday":
    $rep=$tueN;
    break;
  case "Wednesday":
    $rep=$wedN;
    break;
  case "Thursday":
    $rep=$thuN;
    break;
  case "Friday":
    $rep=$friN;
    break;
  case "Saturday":
    $rep=$satN;    
    break;
  case "Sunday":
    $rep=$sunN;    
    break;    
  default:
    echo "Sorry";    
 }
 
//echo $tdname."<br>";  
//echo $rep;
$datstart =$td; /* the starting date */
//$rep = 12; /* number of future dates to display */ 
$nod = 1; /* number of days in the future to increment the date */
$nom = 0; /* number of months in the future to increment the date */
$noy = 0; /* number of years in the future to increment the date */
$con = future_date1($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy); 
return $con;
}
function future_date1($datstart,$rep,$nod,$nom,$noy) {
 $pre = array();
 while ($rep >= 1) {
  $datyy=substr($datstart,0,4);
  $datmm=substr($datstart,5,2);
  $datdd=substr($datstart,8,2);
  $fda=$datdd + $nod;
  $fmo=$datmm + $nom;
  $fyr=$datyy + $noy;
  $dat1=date("Y-m-d", mktime(0,0,0,$fmo,$fda,$fyr))."<BR>"; 
  array_push($pre,$dat1);
  //echo $dat1; 
  $datstart=$dat1; 
  $rep--; 
 }
 return $pre;
} 
?>

For Windows user! It's rather the same as strptime!
It uses the previous function: but call strToTime($date, $format) to strToDate($date, $format) because this name is forgiven!
<?php
function strToDateTime($date, $format) {
  if(!($date = strToDate($date, $format))) return;
  $dateTime = array('sec' => 0, 'min' => 0, 'hour' => 0, 'day' => 0, 'mon' => 0, 'year' => 0, 'timestamp' => 0);
  foreach($date as $key => $val) {
    switch($key) {
      case 'd':
      case 'j': $dateTime['day'] = intval($val); break;
      case 'D': $dateTime['day'] = intval(date('j', $val)); break;
      
      case 'm':
      case 'n': $dateTime['mon'] = intval($val); break;
      case 'M': $dateTime['mon'] = intval(date('n', $val)); break;
      
      case 'Y': $dateTime['year'] = intval($val); break;
      case 'y': $dateTime['year'] = intval($val)+2000; break;
      
      case 'G':
      case 'g':
      case 'H':
      case 'h': $dateTime['hour'] = intval($val); break;
      
      case 'i': $dateTime['min'] = intval($val); break;
      
      case 's': $dateTime['sec'] = intval($val); break;
    }
  }
  $dateTime['timestamp'] = mktime($dateTime['hour'], $dateTime['min'], $dateTime['sec'], $dateTime['mon'], $dateTime['day'], $dateTime['year']);
  return $dateTime;
}
?>