iptcembed()
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)
将二进制 IPTC 数据嵌入到一幅 JPEG 图像中
说明
iptcembed (string $iptcdata,string $jpeg_file_name[,int $spool] ) : mixed
Embeds binary IPTC data into a JPEG image.
参数
- $iptcdata
The data to be written.
- $jpeg_file_name
Path to the JPEG image.
- $spool
Spool flag. If the spool flag is over 2 then the JPEG will be returned as a string.
返回值
If success and spool flag is lower than 2 then the JPEG will not be returned as a string, FALSE on errors.
范例
Embedding IPTC data into a JPEG
<?php
// iptc_make_tag() function by Thies C. Arntzen
function iptc_make_tag($rec, $data, $value)
{
$length = strlen($value);
$retval = chr(0x1C) . chr($rec) . chr($data);
if($length < 0x8000)
{
$retval .= chr($length >> 8) . chr($length & 0xFF);
}
else
{
$retval .= chr(0x80) .
chr(0x04) .
chr(($length >> 24) & 0xFF) .
chr(($length >> 16) & 0xFF) .
chr(($length >> 8) & 0xFF) .
chr($length & 0xFF);
}
return $retval . $value;
}
// Path to jpeg file
$path = './phplogo.jpg';
// We need to check if theres any IPTC data in the jpeg image. If there is then
// bail out because we cannot embed any image that already has some IPTC data!
$image = getimagesize($path, $info);
if(isset($info['APP13']))
{
die('Error: IPTC data found in source image, cannot continue');
}
// Set the IPTC tags
$iptc = array(
'2#120' => 'Test image',
'2#116' => 'Copyright 2008-2009, The PHP Group'
);
// Convert the IPTC tags into binary code
$data = '';
foreach($iptc as $tag => $string)
{
$tag = substr($tag, 2);
$data .= iptc_make_tag(2, $tag, $string);
}
// Embed the IPTC data
$content = iptcembed($data, $path);
// Write the new image data out to the file.
$fp = fopen($path, "wb");
fwrite($fp, $content);
fclose($fp);
?>
注释
Note:此函数不需要 GD 图象库。
The following code embeds both IPTC APP segment 13 and EXIF APP segment 1 data from a source file and embeds it into a destination file. This overcomes the limitation where the iptcembed statement does not seem to embed EXIF data, only IPTC data.
function transferIptcExif2File($srcfile, $destfile) {
// Function transfers EXIF (APP1) and IPTC (APP13) from $srcfile and adds it to $destfile
// JPEG file has format 0xFFD8 + [APP0] + [APP1] + ... [APP15] + <image data> where [APPi] are optional
// Segment APPi (where i=0x0 to 0xF) has format 0xFFEi + 0xMM + 0xLL + <data> (where 0xMM is
// most significant 8 bits of (strlen(<data>) + 2) and 0xLL is the least significant 8 bits
// of (strlen(<data>) + 2)
if (file_exists($srcfile) && file_exists($destfile)) {
$srcsize = @getimagesize($srcfile, $imageinfo);
// Prepare EXIF data bytes from source file
$exifdata = (is_array($imageinfo) && key_exists("APP1", $imageinfo)) ? $imageinfo['APP1'] : null;
if ($exifdata) {
$exiflength = strlen($exifdata) + 2;
if ($exiflength > 0xFFFF) return false;
// Construct EXIF segment
$exifdata = chr(0xFF) . chr(0xE1) . chr(($exiflength >> 8) & 0xFF) . chr($exiflength & 0xFF) . $exifdata;
}
// Prepare IPTC data bytes from source file
$iptcdata = (is_array($imageinfo) && key_exists("APP13", $imageinfo)) ? $imageinfo['APP13'] : null;
if ($iptcdata) {
$iptclength = strlen($iptcdata) + 2;
if ($iptclength > 0xFFFF) return false;
// Construct IPTC segment
$iptcdata = chr(0xFF) . chr(0xED) . chr(($iptclength >> 8) & 0xFF) . chr($iptclength & 0xFF) . $iptcdata;
}
$destfilecontent = @file_get_contents($destfile);
if (!$destfilecontent) return false;
if (strlen($destfilecontent) > 0) {
$destfilecontent = substr($destfilecontent, 2);
$portiontoadd = chr(0xFF) . chr(0xD8); // Variable accumulates new & original IPTC application segments
$exifadded = !$exifdata;
$iptcadded = !$iptcdata;
while ((substr($destfilecontent, 0, 2) & 0xFFF0) === 0xFFE0) {
$segmentlen = (substr($destfilecontent, 2, 2) & 0xFFFF);
$iptcsegmentnumber = (substr($destfilecontent, 1, 1) & 0x0F); // Last 4 bits of second byte is IPTC segment #
if ($segmentlen <= 2) return false;
$thisexistingsegment = substr($destfilecontent, 0, $segmentlen + 2);
if ((1 <= $iptcsegmentnumber) && (!$exifadded)) {
$portiontoadd .= $exifdata;
$exifadded = true;
if (1 === $iptcsegmentnumber) $thisexistingsegment = '';
}
if ((13 <= $iptcsegmentnumber) && (!$iptcadded)) {
$portiontoadd .= $iptcdata;
$iptcadded = true;
if (13 === $iptcsegmentnumber) $thisexistingsegment = '';
}
$portiontoadd .= $thisexistingsegment;
$destfilecontent = substr($destfilecontent, $segmentlen + 2);
}
if (!$exifadded) $portiontoadd .= $exifdata; // Add EXIF data if not added already
if (!$iptcadded) $portiontoadd .= $iptcdata; // Add IPTC data if not added already
$outputfile = fopen($destfile, 'w');
if ($outputfile) return fwrite($outputfile, $portiontoadd . $destfilecontent); else return false;
} else {
return false;
}
} else {
return false;
}
}If you want just to copy the IPTC data, eg. at the thumbnail creation, you don't have to parse the binary IPTC data into array and back; just do this:
<?php
$fullFilePath='photo1.jpg';
$fullPathThumb = 'photo1thumb.jpg';
$imagesize = getImageSize($fullFilePath, $info);
if(isset($info['APP13'])){
$content = iptcembed($info['APP13'], $fullPathThumb);
@unlink($fullPathThumb);
$fw = fopen($fullPathThumb, 'w');
fwrite($fw, $content);
fclose($fw);
}
?>
A class I recently wrote for manipulating IPTC data in an jpeg images. It does the job for editing exisiting data too, in easy manner. It is just a compilation of examples into single class.
<?
/************************************************************\
IPTC EASY 1.0 - IPTC data manipulator for JPEG images
All reserved www.image-host-script.com
Sep 15, 2008
\************************************************************/
DEFINE('IPTC_OBJECT_NAME', '005');
DEFINE('IPTC_EDIT_STATUS', '007');
DEFINE('IPTC_PRIORITY', '010');
DEFINE('IPTC_CATEGORY', '015');
DEFINE('IPTC_SUPPLEMENTAL_CATEGORY', '020');
DEFINE('IPTC_FIXTURE_IDENTIFIER', '022');
DEFINE('IPTC_KEYWORDS', '025');
DEFINE('IPTC_RELEASE_DATE', '030');
DEFINE('IPTC_RELEASE_TIME', '035');
DEFINE('IPTC_SPECIAL_INSTRUCTIONS', '040');
DEFINE('IPTC_REFERENCE_SERVICE', '045');
DEFINE('IPTC_REFERENCE_DATE', '047');
DEFINE('IPTC_REFERENCE_NUMBER', '050');
DEFINE('IPTC_CREATED_DATE', '055');
DEFINE('IPTC_CREATED_TIME', '060');
DEFINE('IPTC_ORIGINATING_PROGRAM', '065');
DEFINE('IPTC_PROGRAM_VERSION', '070');
DEFINE('IPTC_OBJECT_CYCLE', '075');
DEFINE('IPTC_BYLINE', '080');
DEFINE('IPTC_BYLINE_TITLE', '085');
DEFINE('IPTC_CITY', '090');
DEFINE('IPTC_PROVINCE_STATE', '095');
DEFINE('IPTC_COUNTRY_CODE', '100');
DEFINE('IPTC_COUNTRY', '101');
DEFINE('IPTC_ORIGINAL_TRANSMISSION_REFERENCE', '103');
DEFINE('IPTC_HEADLINE', '105');
DEFINE('IPTC_CREDIT', '110');
DEFINE('IPTC_SOURCE', '115');
DEFINE('IPTC_COPYRIGHT_STRING', '116');
DEFINE('IPTC_CAPTION', '120');
DEFINE('IPTC_LOCAL_CAPTION', '121');
class iptc {
var $meta=Array();
var $hasmeta=false;
var $file=false;
function iptc($filename) {
$size = getimagesize($filename,$info);
$this->hasmeta = isset($info["APP13"]);
if($this->hasmeta)
$this->meta = iptcparse ($info["APP13"]);
$this->file = $filename;
}
function set($tag, $data) {
$this->meta ["2#$tag"]= Array( $data );
$this->hasmeta=true;
}
function get($tag) {
return isset($this->meta["2#$tag"]) ? $this->meta["2#$tag"][0] : false;
}
function dump() {
print_r($this->meta);
}
function binary() {
$iptc_new = '';
foreach (array_keys($this->meta) as $s) {
$tag = str_replace("2#", "", $s);
$iptc_new .= $this->iptc_maketag(2, $tag, $this->meta[$s][0]);
}
return $iptc_new;
}
function iptc_maketag($rec,$dat,$val) {
$len = strlen($val);
if ($len < 0x8000) {
return chr(0x1c).chr($rec).chr($dat).
chr($len >> 8).
chr($len & 0xff).
$val;
} else {
return chr(0x1c).chr($rec).chr($dat).
chr(0x80).chr(0x04).
chr(($len >> 24) & 0xff).
chr(($len >> 16) & 0xff).
chr(($len >> 8 ) & 0xff).
chr(($len ) & 0xff).
$val;
}
}
function write() {
if(!function_exists('iptcembed')) return false;
$mode = 0;
$content = iptcembed($this->binary(), $this->file, $mode);
$filename = $this->file;
@unlink($filename); #delete if exists
$fp = fopen($filename, "w");
fwrite($fp, $content);
fclose($fp);
}
#requires GD library installed
function removeAllTags() {
$this->hasmeta=false;
$this->meta=Array();
$img = imagecreatefromstring(implode(file($this->file)));
@unlink($this->file); #delete if exists
imagejpeg($img,$this->file,100);
}
};
?>
Example read copyright string:
$i = new iptc("test.jpg");
echo $i->get(IPTC_COPYRIGHT_STRING);
Update copyright statement:
$i = new iptc("test.jpg");
echo $i->set(IPTC_COPYRIGHT_STRING,"Here goes the new data");
$i->write();
NOTE1: Data may be anything, even a binary file. I have so far tested and embedded an MS-Excel file directly to jpeg and it worked just perfect.
NOTE2: The writing purpose, it uses GD Library.
Further imporvements / changes may be followed at www.image-host-script.com
I hope it helps.
Ali..If you have a file without any IPTC record, you can add a new, empty one by calling iptcembed with an empty string as first argument, like this:
$buffer = iptcembed("",$imagename,0);
$fp = fopen($imagename,"w");
fwrite($fp,$buffer);
fclose($fp);Windows makes a distinction between 'text' and 'binary' files. So if you run the above code on a windows platform, it will produce a garbled image. To overcome this problem put the file mode in fopen() as 'wb' instead of 'w'. Cheerio !! Rupinder
I've spent a whole day debugging my code (that was based on the example below, posted by knut) until I found out, that iptcembed() only works if the image specified in jpeg_file_name already has IPTC fields included. That means that you cannot write IPTC fields in a jpeg file without preexisting IPTC information in it. Updating of IPTC fields also worked only with a few files, I don't really know what it depends on whether it works or not. (Well, it depends on the IPTC header, that's for sure :-) I'm using PHP 4.2.1, maybe this is fixed in more recent versions, but I don't believe... Nevertheless, here's some piece of code I tried: I replaced the line <? $iptc_old = iptcparse ($info["APP13"]); ?> from knut's example below with <? $iptc_old["2#000"][0] = chr(0) . chr(2); ?> This creates just an empty "Header" according to the IPTC spec. This one also is included when getting IPTC info using iptcparse(). So my intention was to create a fully new header, but when using iptcembed() afterwards, the file size of the new file was a little smaller than the original but without any IPTC info stored in it.
While using the class file noted below you'll notice setting an array of keywords with the set() function will not work. Try this instead:
<?php
function set($tag, $data) {
if(is_array($data)){
$c = count($data);
for ($i=0; $i <$c; $i++){
$this->meta["2#$tag"][$i] = $data[$i];
}
$this->hasmeta=true;
} else {
$this->meta["2#$tag"]= Array( $data );
$this->hasmeta=true;
}
}
?>
I just found an error while trying to write several keywords (an array) with the binary function... please consider using the following:
<?php
function binary() {
$iptc_new = '';
foreach (array_keys($this->meta) as $s) {
$tag = str_replace("2#", "", $s);
if(count($this->meta[$s])>1){
foreach ($this->meta[$s] as $row){
$iptc_new .= $this->iptc_maketag(2, $tag, $row);
}
}else {
$iptc_new .= $this->iptc_maketag(2, $tag, $this->meta[$s][0]);
}
}
return $iptc_new;
}
?>
In Thomas's wonderful code snippet below, the second parameter needs to be changed to "$filename", otherwise the script has no write the file. So the code should read:
<?php
//This function removes all header data from a JPG
function remove_XMP($image_in, $filename) {
$filename_in = addslashes($image_in);
list($width, $height) = getimagesize($filename_in);
$image_dest = imagecreatetruecolor($width, $height);
$image = imagecreatefromjpeg($filename_in);
imagecopyresampled($image_dest, $image, 0, 0, 0, 0, $width, $height,$width, $height);
imagejpeg($image_dest, $filename);
}
?>
Pay attention not add codes with length of value equal to 0; the behavior could be strange... (e.g. $iptc_old["2#015"][0] = "")
You might have noticed that several metadata fields in Photoshop are not available via IPTC. Also, Photoshop now uses XMP for it's primary metadata, meaning IPTC is only read by Photoshop if XMP is not present. I have written a library "PHP JPEG Metadata Toolkit" which bypasses this problem as it allows reading, writing and interpreting of virtually any type of metadata, including XMP, IPTC and EXIF. Try it out, and download it at: http://www.ozhiker.com/electronics/pjmt/index.html
I've a problem with the ltrim fucntion: sometimes it remove more characters than it must, so it's better to delete the line <? // $image = rtrim ($image, $endchar); ?> in the XMP_remove_from_jpeg function
Reading and changing IPTC make no problem with the PEAR function, but recent Adobe software add XMP datas on JPEG files and read them instead of IPTC datas. If you need to change IPTC on a JPEG file and want Adobe PS7 read them, you have two solutions:
- writing XMP and IPTC datas
- writing IPTC datas and removing XMP datas
Because I've not enough time to work on XMP datas, I've choosen the second solution. Here is the result of this work:
<?php
// removing XMP datas from a JPEG file
// (c) Patrick Premartin 19/02/2004
function XMP_remove_from_jpeg (&$image) {
$xmp_str = "http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/";
$xmp_end = "<?xpacket end='w'?>";
$n_str = strpos ($image, $xmp_str);
$n_end = strpos ($image, $xmp_end);
if (($n_str !== false) && ($n_end !== false) && ($n_str < $n_end)) {
$n_str -= 4; // FF E1 .x. .y. (xy is the length of the XMP block -> first char of this block
$n_end += strlen ($xmp_end)-1; // last char of this block
$endchar = $image [$n_str-1];
if ($endchar == " ") {
$endchar = "A";
} else {
$endchar = " ";
}
$xmp_len = $n_end-$n_str+1;
$img_len = strlen ($image);
$len = $img_len - $xmp_len;
for ($i = $n_str; $i < $img_len; $i ++) {
if ($i < $len) {
$image [$i] = $image [$i+$xmp_len];
} else {
$image [$i] = $endchar;
}
}
$image = rtrim ($image, $endchar);
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
function XMP_remove_from_jpegfile ($filename_in, $filename_out="") {
if (""==$filename_out) {
$filename_out = $filename_in;
}
if ((""!=$filename_in) && (file_exists ($filename_in)) && (($len_in = filesize ($filename_in)) > 0)) {
// chargement du fichier en mmoire
$f_in = fopen ($filename_in, "rb");
$img = fread ($f_in, $len_in);
fclose ($f_in);
// suppression du XMP de l'image
if (XMP_remove_from_jpeg ($img)) {
// enregistrement du fichier sur disque
$f_out = fopen ($filename_out, "wb");
fwrite ($f_out, $img, strlen ($img));
fclose ($f_out);
}
}
}
XMP_remove_from_jpegfile ("ps7_hr.jpg", "ps7_hr_.jpg"); // create a new picture without XMP datas
XMP_remove_from_jpegfile ("ps8_hr.jpg"); // replace the existing file
?>
In the future, I'll work on changing XMP datas and IPTC in the same way and will publish it ther or as a in PEAR.
May the force be with us :-)Yep it's me again :-) After some time I spent searching around for other possibilities to write IPTC fields to JPEG files I found this one: http://www.zonageek.com/software/php/jpeg/index.php This one seems to work pretty fine, remember that you have to install PEAR to get this running (Debian package php4-pear).
Example to read IPTC text from an image, changing the text an write to a new file using the functions iptcparse and iptcembed.
Also a list of the most common IPTC fields.
<?
// original file name
$image_name_old = "test.jpg";
// New file name
$image_name_new = "test2.jpg";
// Reads the IPTC text in to the array '$iptc'
// The number after the '#' is the IPTC field
// Ex: $iptc["2#120"][0] is Caption
// $iptc["2#055"][0]; is Creation date
$size = GetImageSize ("$image_name_old",&$info);
$iptc_old = iptcparse ($info["APP13"]);
// Adding or replacing IPTC text
// This ex. replace the original category or create it if it dos not exist
$iptc_old["2#015"][0] = "Sport";
// .. and adding more text to the original caption
$iptc_old["2#120"][0] .= " More caption text";
// Making the new IPTC string
foreach (array_keys($iptc_old) as $s){
// Finds the IPTC numbers
$tag = str_replace("2#", "", $s);
// Creating the string
$iptc_new .= iptc_maketag(2, $tag, $iptc_old[$s][0]);
}
// The original file and the new IPTC Text into $content
// Mode 0 - puts the image file into $content
// Mode 1 - puts the image file into $content and directly to the web client
// Mode 2 - puts the image file to web client
$mode = 0;
$content = iptcembed($iptc_new, $image_name_old, $mode);
// writes the new file
$fp = fopen($image_name_new, "w");
fwrite($fp, $content);
fclose($fp);
// Function to format the new IPTC text, (thanks to Thies C. Arntzen)
function iptc_maketag($rec,$dat,$val){
$len = strlen($val);
if ($len < 0x8000)
return chr(0x1c).chr($rec).chr($dat).
chr($len >> 8).
chr($len & 0xff).
$val;
else
return chr(0x1c).chr($rec).chr($dat).
chr(0x80).chr(0x04).
chr(($len >> 24) & 0xff).
chr(($len >> 16) & 0xff).
chr(($len >> 8 ) & 0xff).
chr(($len ) & 0xff).
$val;
}
?>
--- The most common IPTC Fileds
005 - Object Name
007 - Edit Status
010 - Priority
015 - Category
020 - Supplemental Category
022 - Fixture Identifier
025 - Keywords
030 - Release Date
035 - Release Time
040 - Special Instructions
045 - Reference Service
047 - Reference Date
050 - Reference Number
055 - Created Date
060 - Created Time
065 - Originating Program
070 - Program Version
075 - Object Cycle
080 - Byline
085 - Byline Title
090 - City
095 - Province State
100 - Country Code
101 - Country
103 - Original Transmission Reference
105 - Headline
110 - Credit
115 - Source
116 - Copyright String
120 - Caption
121 - Local CaptionFor everybody having issues with unicode (UTF-8) text in IPTC fields, set the "Coded Character Set"-field in the envelop (1:90, see http://www.iptc.org/std/IIM/4.1/specification/IIMV4.1.pdf).
This can be accomplished by starting the $data-block with the following lines:
<?php
// These two lines ensure that UTF8-Encoding will work (set the 1:90 field in the envelop)
// @see http://cpanforum.com/threads/2114 for a hint
$utf8seq = chr(0x1b) . chr(0x25) . chr(0x47);
$length = strlen($utf8seq);
$data = chr(0x1C) . chr(1) . chr('090') . chr($length >> 8) . chr($length & 0xFF) . $utf8seq;
?>
After that you can continue like in the example:
<?php
foreach($iptc as $tag => $string)
{
$tag = substr($tag, 2);
$data .= iptc_make_tag(2, $tag, $string);
}
?>
To remove all EXIF, XMP etc. tags from a jpeg file you need no resampling (which, by the way, may give you memory problems). It's just enough to recreate the image, presumably with 100% quality in order not to loose anything. The code is as simple as that: <?php $img = imagecreatefromjpeg ($path); imagejpeg ($img, $path, 100); imagedestroy ($img); ?>