str_ireplace()
(PHP 5, PHP 7)
str_replace()的忽略大小写版本
说明
str_ireplace(mixed $search, mixed $replace, mixed $subject[,int &$count] ): mixed
该函数返回一个字符串或者数组。该字符串或数组是将$subject中全部的$search都被$replace替换(忽略大小写)之后的结果。如果没有一些特殊的替换规则,你应该使用该函数替换带有i修正符的preg_replace()函数。
参数
如果$search和$replace为数组,那么str_replace()将对$subject做二者的映射替换。如果$replace的值的个数少于$search的个数,多余的替换将使用空字符串来进行。如果$search是一个数组而$replace是一个字符串,那么$search中每个元素的替换将始终使用这个字符串。
如果$search或$replace是数组,他们的元素将从头到尾一个个处理。
- $search
要搜索的值,就像是needle。可以使用 array 来提供多个 needle。
- $replace
The replacement value that replaces found$searchvalues. An array may be used to designate multiple replacements.
- $subject
要被搜索和替换的字符串或数组,就像是haystack。
如果$subject是一个数组,替换操作将遍历整个$subject,并且也将返回一个数组。
- $count
如果设定了,将会设置执行替换的次数。
返回值
返回替换后的字符串或者数组。
范例
Example #1str_ireplace()范例
<?php $bodytag = str_ireplace("%body%", "black", "<body text=%BODY%>"); echo $bodytag; // <body text=black> ?>
注释
CautionNote:此函数可安全用于二进制对象。
Replacement order gotcha
Becausestr_ireplace()replaces left to right, it might replace a previously inserted value when doing multiple replacements. in thestr_replace()documentation demonstrates how this may affect you in practice.
参见
str_replace()
子字符串替换preg_replace()
执行一个正则表达式的搜索和替换strtr()
转换指定字符
Here's a different approach to search result keyword highlighting that will match all keyword sub strings in a case insensitive manner and preserve case in the returned text. This solution first grabs all matches within $haystack in a case insensitive manner, and the secondly loops through each of those matched sub strings and applies a case sensitive replace in $haystack. This way each unique (in terms of case) instance of $needle is operated on individually allowing a case sensitive replace to be done in order to preserve the original case of each unique instance of $needle. <?php function highlightStr($haystack, $needle, $highlightColorValue) { // return $haystack if there is no highlight color or strings given, nothing to do. if (strlen($highlightColorValue) < 1 || strlen($haystack) < 1 || strlen($needle) < 1) { return $haystack; } preg_match_all("/$needle+/i", $haystack, $matches); if (is_array($matches[0]) && count($matches[0]) >= 1) { foreach ($matches[0] as $match) { $haystack = str_replace($match, '<span style="background-color:'.$highlightColorValue.';">'.$match.'</span>', $haystack); } } return $haystack; } ?>
here's a neat little function I whipped up to do HTML color coding of SQL strings. <?php /** * Output the HTML debugging string in color coded glory for a sql query * This is very nice for being able to see many SQL queries * @access public * @return void. prints HTML color coded string of the input $query. * @param string $query The SQL query to be executed. * @author Daevid Vincent [daevid@LockdownNetworks.com] * @version 1.0 * @date 04/05/05 * @todo highlight SQL functions. */ function SQL_DEBUG( $query ) { if( $query == '' ) return 0; global $SQL_INT; if( !isset($SQL_INT) ) $SQL_INT = 0; //[dv] this has to come first or you will have goofy results later. $query = preg_replace("/['\"]([^'\"]*)['\"]/i", "'<FONT COLOR='#FF6600'>$1</FONT>'", $query, -1); $query = str_ireplace( array ( '*', 'SELECT ', 'UPDATE ', 'DELETE ', 'INSERT ', 'INTO', 'VALUES', 'FROM', 'LEFT', 'JOIN', 'WHERE', 'LIMIT', 'ORDER BY', 'AND', 'OR ', //[dv] note the space. otherwise you match to 'COLOR' ;-) 'DESC', 'ASC', 'ON ' ), array ( "<FONT COLOR='#FF6600'><B>*</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00AA00'><B>SELECT</B> </FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00AA00'><B>UPDATE</B> </FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00AA00'><B>DELETE</B> </FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00AA00'><B>INSERT</B> </FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00AA00'><B>INTO</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00AA00'><B>VALUES</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00AA00'><B>FROM</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00CC00'><B>LEFT</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00CC00'><B>JOIN</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00AA00'><B>WHERE</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#AA0000'><B>LIMIT</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00AA00'><B>ORDER BY</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#0000AA'><B>AND</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#0000AA'><B>OR</B> </FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#0000AA'><B>DESC</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#0000AA'><B>ASC</B></FONT>", "<FONT COLOR='#00DD00'><B>ON</B> </FONT>" ), $query ); echo "<FONT COLOR='#0000FF'><B>SQL[".$SQL_INT."]:</B> ".$query."<FONT COLOR='#FF0000'>;</FONT></FONT><BR>\n"; $SQL_INT++; } //SQL_DEBUG ?>
If you follow the instructions given here you will end up with code which works in php5.3 but which bugs-out in php5.4. Reason is that '&$count' (explicit pass by reference) is now an illegal construct. Nasty, especially it leads to unreliable code which may work on test but not in production. Manual needs corrected!
For highlighting without the overhead of regex and without destroying capitalization, try this: <?php function highlight($needle, $haystack){ $ind = stripos($haystack, $needle); $len = strlen($needle); if($ind !== false){ return substr($haystack, 0, $ind) . "<b>" . substr($haystack, $ind, $len) . "</b>" . highlight($needle, substr($haystack, $ind + $len)); } else return $haystack; } ?> This example uses HTML bold tags, but you can easily change the highlighting method.
For function work with cirilic setlocale (LC_ALL, 'ru_RU');
FIX-ed problem with highlighting second 'o' OR 'a', in this string <?php function highlight_string ($haystack, $needle, $highlight_class) { // return $haystack if there is no highlight color or strings given, nothing to do. $first_encode='XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX'; //ENCODE string $second_encode='YYYYYYYYYYYYYYY'; preg_match_all("/$needle+/i", $haystack, $matches); if (is_array($matches[0]) && count($matches[0]) >= 1) { foreach ($matches[0] as $match) { $haystack = str_replace($match, $first_encode.$match.$second_encode, $haystack); } } $haystack=str_replace(array($first_encode,$second_encode), array('<font class="'.$highlight_class.'" >','</font>'),$haystack); return $haystack; } ?>
This functionality is now implemented in the PEAR package PHP_Compat. More information about using this function without upgrading your version of PHP can be found on the below link: http://pear.php.net/package/PHP_Compat
Note that character case is being defined by your server's locale setting, which effects strings containing non-ASCII characters. See strtolower() - http://www.php.net/strtolower and comments - internally str_ireplace converts $search and $replace to lowercase to find matches.
This function will highlight search terms (Key Words in Context). The difference between this one and the ones below is that it will preserve the original case of the search term as well. So, if you search for "american" but in the original string it is "American" it will retain the capital "A" as well as the correct case for the rest of the string. <?php function kwic($str1,$str2) { $kwicLen = strlen($str1); $kwicArray = array(); $pos = 0; $count = 0; while($pos !== FALSE) { $pos = stripos($str2,$str1,$pos); if($pos !== FALSE) { $kwicArray[$count]['kwic'] = substr($str2,$pos,$kwicLen); $kwicArray[$count++]['pos'] = $pos; $pos++; } } for($I=count($kwicArray)-1;$I>=0;$I--) { $kwic = '<span class="kwic">'.$kwicArray[$I]['kwic'].'</span>'; $str2 = substr_replace($str2,$kwic,$kwicArray[$I]['pos'],$kwicLen); } return($str2); } ?>
Warning with highlighting ... I used : <?php $text = preg_replace('/('.$q.')/i','<span class=highlighting "">$1</span>' , $text); ?> Because this line do not allow to highlight uppercase and lowercase correctly (transform uppercase to lowercase for exemple) <?php $text = str_ireplace( $q , '<span class=highlighting "">'.$q.'</span>', $text); ?> But when $q contain some regex you have some problems ... for exemple : <?php $q = '('; ?> So you must use preg_replace to highlight correctly the text and you must create a function for escape bad regex caracters ! I think that a better function can be found but this works I guess : <?php function regex_escape( $q ) { return preg_replace('/([\[\]\(\)\{\}\-\.\*\?\ | \^\$])/', '\$1', $q); } ?>
Regarding maintaining the case of the find/replace for search-highlighting purposes: if the performance hit of a regular expression isn't a big problem, there's something like: <?php function highlight_matches($find_text, $text) { return preg_replace("/($find_text)/i", '<span class="search_item">$1</span>', $text); } ?>